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Zoarces viviparus Eelpout

Zoarces viviparusis commonly referred to as Eelpout. Difficulty in the aquarium: Only for advanced aquarists. A aquarium size of at least 2000 Liter is recommended. Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown.

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Aalmutter (Zoarces viviparus)

Aalmutter (Zoarces viviparus) Foto: Grevelinger Meer, NL


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lexID:
5022 
AphiaID:
127123 
Scientific:
Zoarces viviparus 
German:
Aalmutter 
English:
Eelpout 
Category:
Eelpout 
Family tree:
Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Zoarcidae (Family) > Zoarces (Genus) > viviparus (Species) 
Initial determination:
(Linnaeus, ), 1758 
Occurrence:
Russland, the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, East-Atlantic Ocean, European Coasts, North Atlantic Ocean, Scandinavia, the British Isles 
Sea depth:
0 - 40 Meter 
Size:
11.81" - 20.47" (30cm - 52cm) 
Temperature:
37.4 °F - 59 °F (3°C - 15°C) 
Food:
Crustaceans, Fish eggs, Fish larvae, Insects, Invertebrates, Krill, Snails, Worms 
Tank:
439.96 gal (~ 2000L)  
Difficulty:
Only for advanced aquarists 
Offspring:
Not available as offspring 
Toxicity:
Toxic hazard unknown 
CITES:
Not evaluated 
Red List:
Not evaluated (NE) 
Related species at
Catalog of Life:
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Created:
Last edit:
2013-01-14 20:07:22 

Info

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Special thanks for the foto to Rudolf Svensen, Norway.

Distribution
Northeast Atlantic: White Sea, Cheshskaya Guba and Murmansk coast (Barents Sea) southward to English Channel (River Somme); eastern coasts of Scotland, England, also Irish Sea; the Orkneys, Shetlands and in shallow waters of North Sea and Baltic.

Biology
Inhabits rocky shores under stones, among algae and in tide pools, between tide marks down to 40 m. May remain out of water under rocks or seaweeds.
Feeds on gastropods, chironomids, crustaceans, eggs and fry of fishes.
Gives birth to live young. Bones colored green by the harmless pigment Vivianit.

Breathes air when out of water.
Mating takes place in August - September with internal fertilization of the eggs. Female give birth to 30-400 developed young.

Synonyms:
Blennius viviparus Linnaeus, 1758
Zoarces viviparous (Linnaeus, 1758)

Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Pisces (Superclass) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Zoarcidae (Family) > Zoarcinae (Subfamily) > Zoarces (Genus)

Scientific paper

  1. Purification, crystal structure determination and functional characterization of type III antifreeze proteins from the European eelpout Zoarces viviparus, Wilkens, Casper; Poulsen, Jens-Christian N.; Ramløv, Hans; Lo Leggio, Leila , 2014
  2. Biliverdin: the blue-green pigment in the bones of the garfish (Belone belone) and eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Frank Jüttner, Maike Stiesch, Waldemar Ternes, 2013
  3. Panmixia in Zoarces viviparus: implications for environmental monitoring studies, S. Bergek; F. Franzén; M. Quack; A. Hochkirch; T. Kinitz; T. Prestegaard; M. Appelberg, 2012
  4. PAH biomarkers in common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) from Danish waters, Zhanna M. Tairova; Jakob Strand; Julie Chevalier; Ole Andersen, 2012
  5. Risk of environmental genotoxicity in the Baltic Sea over the period of 2009–2011 assessed by micronuclei frequencies in blood erythrocytes of flounder (Platichthys flesus), herring (Clupea harengus) and eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Janina Baršienė; Aleksandras Rybakovas; Thomas Lang; Wlodzimierz Grygiel; Laura Andreikėnaitė; Aleksandras Michailovas, 2012
  6. Eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) in marine environmental monitoring, Jenny E. Hedman; Heinz Rüdel; Jens Gercken; Sara Bergek; Jakob Strand; Markus Quack; Magnus Appelberg; Lars Förlin; Arvo Tuvikene; Anders Bignert, 2011
  7. Monitoring von PAK-Metaboliten in Aalmuttern (Zoarces viviparus) aus der Wismar-Bucht, U. Kammann; J. Gercken, 2010
  8. Environmental biomonitoring of Zoarces viviparus in combination with large scale gene expression profiling, N. Asker; E. Kristiansson; D.G.J. Larsson; L. Förlin, 2010
  9. Gonadal alterations in male eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) exposed to ethinylestradiol and trenbolone separately or in combination, Yohana M. Velasco-Santamaría; Poul Bjerregaard; Bodil Korsgaard, 2010
  10. Embryonic suckling and maternal specializations in the live-bearing teleost Zoarces viviparus, Peter Vilhelm Skov; John Fleng Steffensen; Thomas Flarup Sørensen; Klaus Qvortrup, 2010
  11. Effects of exposure to the xenoestrogen octylphenol and subsequent transfer to clean water on liver and gonad ultrastructure during early development of Zoarces viviparus embryos, Åse Jespersen; Tina H. Rasmussen; Majken Hirche; Kristine J.K. Sørensen; Bodil Korsgaard, 2010
  12. Cold induced changes of adenosine levels in common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus): a role in modulating cytochrome c oxidase expression, Eckerle, L. G.; Lucassen, M.; Hirse, T.; Portner, H. O. , 2008
  13. Oxidative stress during stressful heat exposure and recovery in the North Sea eelpout Zoarces viviparus L., Heise, K., 2006
  14. Effects of the model androgen methyltestosterone on vitellogenin in male and female eelpout, Zoarces viviparus (L), B. Korsgaard, 2006
  15. Field studies of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus L.) from Polish coastal waters (southern Baltic Sea), Dorota Napierska; Magdalena Podolska, 2006
  16. Developmental disorders in larvae of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) from German and Swedish Baltic coastal waters, Jens Gercken; Lars Förlin; Jan Andersson, 2006
  17. Oxidative stress and HIF-1 DNA binding during stressful cold exposure and recovery in the North Sea eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Katja Heise; Susana Puntarulo; Mikko Nikinmaa; Magnus Lucassen; Hans-O. Pörtner; Doris Abele, 2006
  18. Biomarker responses as indication of contaminant effects in blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and female eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) from the southwestern Baltic Sea, Doris Schiedek; Katja Broeg; Janina Baršienė; Kari K. Lehtonen; Jens Gercken; Simone Pfeifer; Heta Vuontisjärvi; Pekka J. Vuorinen; Veronika Dedonyte; Angela Koehler; Lennart Balk; Rolf Schneider, 2006
  19. Population-level effects of male-biased broods in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Niklas Hanson; Per Åberg; Andreas Sundelöf, 2005
  20. Anti-estrogen prevents xenoestrogen-induced testicular pathology of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Tina H. Rasmussen; Swee J. Teh; Poul Bjerregaard; Bodil Korsgaard, 2005
  21. Oxidative damage in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), measured as protein carbonyls and TBARS, as biomarkers, Bethanie Carney Almroth; Joachim Sturve; Åsa Berglund; Lars Förlin, 2005
  22. Upregulation of estrogen receptor α and vitellogenin in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) by waterborne exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol and 17β-estradiol, Thomas K. Andreassen; Karsten Skjoedt; Bodil Korsgaard, 2005
  23. Effects of dredging in göteborg harbor, sweden, assessed by biomarkers in eelpout (zoarces viviparus), Joachim Sturve; Åsa Berglund; Lennart Balk; Katja Broeg; Björn Böhmert; Simon Massey; Demetris Savva; Jari Parkkonen; Eiríkur Stephensen; Angela Koehler; Lars Förlin, 2005
  24. Impaired larval development in broods of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) in Danish coastal waters, J. Strand; L. Andersen; I. Dahllöf; B. Korsgaard, 2004
  25. Estrogenic octylphenol affects seminal fluid production and its biochemical composition of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Tina H. Rasmussen; Bodil Korsgaard, 2004
  26. The viviparous blenny (Zoarces viviparus) as a bioindicator of contaminant exposure: application of biomarkers of apoptosis and DNA damage, Brett P. Lyons; John Bignell; Grant D. Stentiford; Stephen W. Feist, 2004
  27. DNA damage in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) from Göteborg harbour, Giada Frenzilli; Vittoria Scarcelli; Ilaria Del Barga; Marco Nigro; Lars Förlin; Claudia Bolognesi; Joachim Sturve, 2004
  28. Thermal physiology of the common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), M. V. Zakhartsev; B. De Wachter; F. J. Sartoris; H. O. Pörtner; R. Blust, 2003
  29. Molecular cloning, characterisation, and tissue distribution of oestrogen receptor alpha in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Thomas K. Andreassen; Karsten Skjoedt; Isabelle Anglade; Olivier Kah; Bodil Korsgaard, 2003
  30. Fluctuating asymmetry and other parameters of morphological variation of eelpout Zoarces viviparus (Zoarcidae, Teleostei) from different parts of its distributional range, Lajus, Dmitry; Knust, Rainer; Brix, Ole , 2003
  31. Effects of an environmental estrogen, 17α-ethinyl-estradiol, on the maternal-fetal trophic relationship in the eelpout Zoarces viviparus (L), B Korsgaard; T.K Andreassen; T.H Rasmussen, 2002
  32. Seasonal Variations of Vitelline Envelope Proteins, Vitellogenin, and Sex Steroids in Male and Female Eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), D.G. Joakim Larsson; Ian Mayer; Sven Johan Hyllner; Lars Förlin, 2002
  33. Effects of Wood-Related Sterols on the Offspring of the Viviparous Blenny, Zoarces viviparus L., Kaj Mattsson; Jukka Tana; Christina Engström; Jarl Hemming; Karl-Johan Lehtinen, 2001
  34. Variations in antifreeze activity and serum inorganic ions in the eelpout Zoarces viviparus: antifreeze activity in the embryonic state, Thomas F. Sørensen; Hans Ramløv, 2001
  35. Climate induced temperature effects on growth performance, fecundity and recruitment in marine fish: developing a hypothesis for cause and effect relationships in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), H.O Pörtner; B Berdal; R Blust; O Brix; A Colosimo; B De Wachter; A Giuliani; T Johansen; T Fischer; R Knust; G Lannig; G Naevdal; A Nedenes; G Nyhammer; F.J Sartoris; I Serendero; P Sirabella; S Thorkildsen; M Zakhartsev, 2001
  36. Seasonal variations in the activity of selected hepatic biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), D. Ronisz; D.G.J. Larsson; L. Förlin, 2000
  37. Characterization of a cytosolic estrogen receptor and its up-regulation by 17β-estradiol and the xenoestrogen 4-tert-octylphenol in the liver of eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Thomas K Andreassen; Bodil Korsgaard, 2000
  38. Estrogenic effects on the maternal-fetal relationship in the eelpout Zoarces viviparus, B. Korsgaard; T. Andreassen; T. Christiansen; M. Vetemaa; S. Pedersen; P. Bjerregaard, 1999
  39. Seasonal variations in the activities of selected hepatic biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Dan Ronisz; D.G.Joakim Larsson; Lars Förlin, 1999
  40. On the morphometry and growth rate in the viviparous eel‐pout, Zoarces viviparus (Zoarcidae) from waters of different salinity, Wiêcaszek, Beata, 1998
  41. Induction of vitellogenin in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) by environmental estrogens, D.G.J. Larsson; H. Berg; P.-E. Olsson; L. Förlin, 1998
  42. Induction of vitellogenin synthesis by nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol and effects on the testicular structure in the eelpout Zoarces viviparus, T. Christiansen; B. Korsgaard; Å. Jespersen, 1998
  43. Vitellogenin in Zoarces viviparus: Purification, quantification by ELISA and induction by estradiol-17β and 4-nonylphenol, Bodil Korsgaard; Knud Ladegaard Pedersen, 1998
  44. Interaction of isosafrole, β-naphthoflavone and other CYP1A inducers in liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), Dan Ronisz; Lars Förlin, 1998
  45. Eel-pout (Zoarces viviparus L.) as a marine bioindicator, J.D. Schladot; F. Backhaus; P. Ostapczuk; H. Emons, 1997
  46. Ammonia and Urea in the Maternal‐Fetal Trophic Relationship of the Viviparous Blenny (Eelpout)Zoarces viviparus, , 1997
  47. Chemical industry effluent impacts on reproduction and biochemistry in a North Sea population of viviparous blenny (Zoarces viviparus), Markus Vetemaa; Olof Sandström; Lars Förlin, 1997
  48. Macroscopic observations of a maturation process in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus L.) from the southern Baltic. A proposed gonadal maturation scale, Maria Kosior; Jerzy Kuczyński, 1997
  49. Effect of Chronic Irradiation on the Humoral Immune Response of a Marine Fish, the Eelpout ( Zoarces Viviparus L.), Greenwood, L.N.; Knowles, J.F. , 1995
  50. Estimation of the environmental capacity of the forth estuary, Scotland, for mercury inputs from concentrations of mercury in the muscle of the eelpout (Zoarces viviparus L.), S. Mathieson; D.S. Mclusky; S.G. George, 1995

External links

  1. FishBase (multi). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  2. Wikipedia (de). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  3. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.

Pictures

Commonly

Aalmutter (Zoarces viviparus)
1
© Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland, Bild aus Holland
1
© Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland, Bild aus Holland
1
© Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland, Bild aus Holland
1
© Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland, Bild aus Holland
1
copyright Rudolf Svensen, Norwegen
1
Zoarces viviparus

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