Gardening Flowers Annuals How to Plant and Grow Heliotrope In summer, heliotrope fills your garden with its sweet scent. By Lynn McAlpine Lynn McAlpine Lynn McAlpine is a lifelong gardener and long-time editor of gardening and home articles. Her work encompasses both print publications and online sites. She has hands-on experience with annuals and perennial beds, vegetable gardens, herbs, houseplants, and woodland management. Lynn has a B.A. in Journalism, Magazine Production from the University of Memphis and is a member of ACES, the American Copy Editors Society. Learn about BHG's Editorial Process Updated on September 12, 2023 Reviewed by David McKinney Reviewed by David McKinney David McKinney is an experienced plantsman sharing his expertise in horticulture. His knowledge spans landscape management, growing plants indoors and in the greenhouse, ecological plant selection, and much more. With nearly 15 years in the industry, he is well versed in both herbaceous and woody plants with additional interest in entomology. Learn about BHG's Gardening Review Board In This Article View All In This Article Where to Plant Planting Tips Care Pests and Problems Propagation Types Companion Plants Garden Plans FAQs Trending Videos Close this video player An old-fashioned plant that has seen a resurgence in popularity, heliotrope is often first found by scent rather than sight. Clusters of small purple or blue blooms top off dark green foliage. Those flowers have a sweet scent likened to pleasant aromas of vanilla, baby powder, grapes, or cherry pie. Pollinators love these flowers, too. Heliotrope's abundant flower clusters add a splash of color to a container garden or a flower bed. The most common hue is a deep, rich purple, but when you look closely at the blooms, they have several shades of purple with tiny yellow centers. There are also white variations of these blooms, and some pale lavender heliotropes to go along with the deeper purple shades. Long, deeply veined leaves provide texture that acts as a lush backdrop for the fragrant heliotrope blooms. Overall, the plant has an almost shrubby appearance. These plants can be almost completely covered in blooms during summer and create quite a "scent-sation." One of the best ways to use heliotrope is in containers. This way, the plants can be moved around so their sweet fragrance can be enjoyed often. Heliotrope is also great to plant in groups to maximize its fragrance, as it can be subtle at times. All parts of heliotrope plants are toxic to humans and horses. Heliotrope Overview Genus Name Heliotropium Common Name Heliotrope Plant Type Annual Light Sun Height 1 to 4 feet Width 1 to 2 feet Flower Color Blue, Purple, White Foliage Color Blue/Green Season Features Fall Bloom, Summer Bloom Special Features Fragrance, Good for Containers, Low Maintenance Zones 10, 11 Propagation Seed, Stem Cuttings Top Annuals for Fragrant Flowers Where to Plant Heliotrope Plant heliotrope in organically rich, well-draining soil or potting mix in a garden bed or containers. Select locations close to outdoor activity areas so the scent can be appreciated. This plant is an annual in all but USDA Zones 10 and 11, where it grows as a tender perennial, but even there, it is better grown as an annual because it tends to become straggly. How and When to Plant Heliotrope Plant heliotrope transplants after the last frost in spring in a location that receives at least six hours of sun daily, preferably in the morning. Dig a hole about the same width and depth as the planting container. Remove the plant and loosen the roots a bit from the root ball before placing in the hole. Backfill with soil, tamp lightly, and water well. Space heliotrope plants 12 to 18 inches apart. Heliotrope Care Tips A heliotrope plant is easy to grow and will fill your garden with blooms and fragrance as long as its basic needs are met. Light The plants are happy with full sun and moderate moisture but can tolerate a bit of shade. In a shadier spot, the plant may not bloom quite as much. Soil and Water The plants perform best in fertile, well-drained soil; they don't do well in heavy clay. When planted in containers, they prefer moist, loamy soil. Heliotrope plants love water, so keep the soil moist. When planted in a container, heliotrope requires frequent watering. Fertilizer In the garden, fertilize heliotrope plants monthly using a fertilizer high in phosphorous to promote more blooms. When they are planted in containers, heliotrope plants benefit from an application of liquid fertilizer every two weeks. Pruning Because the flowers bloom in large clusters, they may need some periodic deadheading of old blossoms to make way for more. You can also prune back the plant by about half its size to encourage bushy new growth and flower buds to form. Pests and Problems Heliotrope has few pest problems when it is planted in the optimum conditions, although it may attract mealybugs, white flies, aphids and spider mites. Although heliotrope is relatively problem-free, in a humid summer, if planted in some shade, it can be susceptible to powdery mildew. This appears on the foliage of the plants as a powdery white substance. This generally will not kill the plant, but it can slow the plant's growth. To help prevent this, plant heliotrope in as much sun as possible and make sure there is good airflow around the plants. Also, avoid getting the foliage wet when watering, especially in the evening. How to Propagate Heliotrope Heliotrope can be propagated with cuttings or seeds. Cuttings deliver a plant identical to the parent, whereas seeds may not. Select a 5-inch section of stem and cut just below a leaf. Then remove the leaves on the bottom half of the cutting and dip the end in rooting hormone powder. Insert the cutting into a moist planting medium. Place the cutting in bright indirect light and water frequently to keep the medium moist. The cutting will begin developing a root system in a few weeks. To start with seeds, you need a soil warming mat for successful germination. Keep the planting medium moist, and the seeds should germinate in four to six weeks. Types of Heliotrope The most common type of fragrant garden or container-grown heliotrope plants are cultivars of Heliotropium arborescens. 'Fragrant Delight' Heliotrope Peter Krumhardt Heliotropium 'Fragrant Delight' bears soft purple, highly fragrant flowers on 3-foot-tall plants. Heliotrope Companion Plants Angelonia David Speer Angelonia is also called summer snapdragon, and once you get a good look at it, you'll know why. It has salvia-like flower spires that reach a foot or two high, but they're studded with fascinating snapdragon-like flowers with beautiful colorations in purple, white, or pink. It's the perfect plant for adding bright color to hot, sunny spaces. This tough plant blooms all summer long with spirelike spikes of blooms. While all varieties are beautiful, keep an eye out for the sweetly scented selections. While most gardeners treat angelonia as an annual, it is a tough perennial in Zones 9-10. If you have a bright, sunny spot indoors, you can even keep it flowering all winter. Duranta Peter Krumhardt This unusual annual has beautiful blue-and-white flowers that are almost orchidlike in their beauty. A tropical shrub in the warmest parts of the country, Zones 8-11, duranta is grown in the rest of the country as an annual. It delights gardeners with its airy clusters of blue, violet, or white flowers followed by golden fruits. Plant it in a container and come fall, it will make a good indoor plant in a large, sunny, south-facing window. Watch for selections with variegated foliage; they add even more interest. As tropical shrubs, they can reach 15 feet or more, but when grown as annuals in cool regions, they seldom top 5 feet. Plant in spring in rich, well-drained soil after all danger of frost has passed. Fertilize moderately. Keep moist but do not overwater. Licorice Plant Peter Krumhardt The elegant, silvery licorice plant is useful to set off flowers in blue, white, purple, and other colors and to add contrast to plantings where you want more than just a mass of green. It's especially good in containers, where you can admire it up close and show off its spreading habit to best effect. Technically a tropical shrub, licorice plant is usually grown as an annual in the United States. It does best in full sun and well-drained soil. Garden Plans for Heliotrope Garden Plan for Partial Shade Janet Mesic Mackie This garden plan combines easy, adaptable plants to add color to spots that don't see full sun. Download this plan! Frequently Asked Questions What is heliotrope good for? The blooms and fragrance of this plant are appreciated wherever they are. Use heliotropes as a border along a garden path, plant them in window boxes or hanging baskets, fill vases with the blooms to bring their beauty and fragrance inside. If you're adventurous, train the plant to a tree-like appearance. Is heliotrope a good houseplant? You can bring them indoors as fall approaches. Position the container in a sunny spot during the day. The tricky part comes at night. The plants need nighttime temperature to to remain between 50°F to 55°F, cooler than many people like. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Tell us why! Other Submit Sources Better Homes & Gardens is committed to using high-quality, reputable sources—including peer-reviewed studies—to support the facts in our articles. Read about our editorial policies and standards to learn more about how we fact check our content for accuracy. Heliotropium. North Carolina State University Extension.