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Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis

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Textbook of Surgery of Larynx and Trachea

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Abstract

Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) may be acquired or congenital. Prolonged intubation is the first cause of neonatal tracheostomy, and intubation lesions are the main cause of LTS. The treatment of LTS requires a thorough patient evaluation with a detailed aerodigestive endoscopy and assessment of the concomitant airway lesions and the associated comorbidities.

Optimal preoperative treatments of upper airway extra-laryngeal obstructions, airway infections, and gastroesophageal reflux are critical for surgical success. The best results of LTS treatment lie in the first operation, which should be tailored to each specific patient and the stenosis. The European Laryngological Society’s (ELS) classification for LTS is useful in surgical planning and predicting outcomes. It is of paramount importance that an airway surgeon is well trained in endoscopic and all types of open airway surgeries.

Prevention of LTS involves multidisciplinary collaboration with anesthesiologists, intensivists, and the nursing staff.

In the overall management of LTS, this chapter covers anatomical considerations, etiologies, preoperative evaluation, treatment outcomes, and future developments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Airway Unit, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Pierre Guilcher & Kishore Sandu

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  1. Pierre Guilcher
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  2. Kishore Sandu
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Correspondence to Kishore Sandu .

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  1. Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Marc Remacle

  2. Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, A.ö. Landeskrankenhaus Klagenfurt, HNO, Klagenfurt, Austria

    Hans Edmund Eckel

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Guilcher, P., Sandu, K. (2022). Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis. In: Remacle, M., Eckel, H.E. (eds) Textbook of Surgery of Larynx and Trachea. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09621-1_17

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