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Vegetative organs morphological plasticity of Ludwigia grandiflora in flooded and flood-free habitats

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Abstract

Studies on structural differences of plants in response to environmental dynamics contribute to the understanding of which functional attributes allows their establishment and survival. We describe herein the structural differences of vegetative organs of Ludwigia grandiflora, an amphibious aquatic macrophyte that develops roots, stems and leaves in both flooded and flood-free environment. High density of trichomes, lignified and compacted tissues, and thick cell walls were features often observed in terrestrial vegetative organs. The presence of larger intercellular spaces, and periderm with secondary aerenchyma (polyderm) at the base of the roots and stems were remarkable characteristics in individuals from aquatic environment. The formation of taproot in plants grown in flood-free soil, spongy adventitious roots and pneumatophores in flooded soil suggest that this organ has greater morphological plasticity in response to local water variations. The results demonstrate that the environmental gradients of water availability along seasonal cycles induce important structural responses, which contribute to the success of colonization by L. grandiflora in large wetlands in the Pantanal.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Pedro Henrique Ruppel de Medeiros for preparing the illustrations of the species habit.

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  1. Biologia Vegetal Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, s/n, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79070-900, Brazil

    Edna Scremin-Dias, Bárbara B. Silveira, Vitoria S. Fabiano & Gisele Catian

  2. Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Avenida dos Estudantes, Cidade Universitária, nº 5055, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, CEP 78736-900, Brazil

    Gisele Catian

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Scremin-Dias, E., Silveira, B.B., Fabiano, V.S. et al. Vegetative organs morphological plasticity of Ludwigia grandiflora in flooded and flood-free habitats. Plant Syst Evol 309, 14 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-023-01844-4

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