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Assessing the role of Filopaludina martensi martensi as a biocontrol agent of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the first intermediate host of Opisthorchis viverrini

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Abstract

The freshwater snail Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos serves as the first intermediate host of liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, a foodborne parasite, of which human infection has persisted in Southeast Asia for decades. The snail Filopaludina martensi martensi has been proposed as a biological control agent against B.s. goniomphalos, but knowledge on the snail ecology and population dynamics between the two species remains rudimentary. This study investigated selected abiotic and biotic factors influencing the distribution and abundance of B.s. goniomphalos and F.m. martensi. Water quality, soils, and snails were collected from 34 localities in Northeast Thailand. Soil properties and snail soft tissue elemental concentrations were analyzed. Experiments were performed to examine interspecific competition. Statistical analysis was conducted to explore the associations between water and soil properties and soft tissue elemental concentrations. The results showed that B.s. goniomphalos had the highest mean dominance in streams and red-yellow podzolic soils, while F.m. martensi snails preferred ponds and latosol soils. Negative correlation in species abundances was found between the two species. Interspecific competition was detected, with B.s. goniomphalos growth rates hampered by the presence of F.m. martensi. Despite the possibility of using F.m. martensi to control B.s. goniomphalos, B.s. goniomphalos exhibited a greater adaptability to different water and soil properties, suggesting that the species could colonize a wide range of environmental conditions. This study provides further insights into the ecology of the two snail species, underscoring the importance of considering abiotic factors when assessing the possible biological control agent to control O. viverrini transmission.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Liren Ling, Huixian Tan, Shalom Tan, and Siewping Yeo for their assistance in field work, and to the National University of Singapore for funding support through the Academic Research Fund (Grant Number: FY2017-FRC3-008, WBS: R-109-000-235-115).

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This research was supported by the National University of Singapore through the Academic Research Fund (Grant Number: FY2017-FRC3-008, WBS: R-109-000-235-115). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 1 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore

    Yi-Chen Wang, Timothy Zherui Liew & Jutamas Namsanor

  2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Jutamas Namsanor & Paiboon Sithithaworn

  3. Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Jutamas Namsanor & Paiboon Sithithaworn

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design and commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Manuscript writing was done by Yi-Chen Wang and Jutamas Namsanor. Methodology was done by Yi-Chen Wang and Timothy Zherui Liew. Investigation and analysis were done by Timothy Zherui Liew, Jutamas Namsanor, and Yi-Chen Wang. Funding acquisition was done by Yi-Chen Wang. Resources were handled by Yi-Chen Wang and Paiboon Sithithaworn. Manuscript revision was done by all the authors.

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Wang, YC., Liew, T.Z., Namsanor, J. et al. Assessing the role of Filopaludina martensi martensi as a biocontrol agent of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the first intermediate host of Opisthorchis viverrini. Parasitol Res 119, 3415–3431 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06837-7

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