Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Thelohanellus gabori sp. nov. (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) infecting gill filaments of a Cyprinid fish Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) inhabiting a cold water wetland in Punjab (India)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Parasitology Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new myxobolid, Thelohanellus gabori (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) parasitizing gill filaments of Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) has been described using light microscopy, histopathology, and molecular analyses. A total of 80 live specimens of C. latius were examined, revealing a prevalence of infection of 25.66% (21 of 80 fish sampled). The plasmodia were of intrafilamental epithelial type, FE as per their location in the gill filaments of the fish host. The plasmodia were cylindrical and creamy-white, 1.0–1.7 mm in diameter containing about 500–700 myxospores. The myxospores had a mean length of 8.56 ± 0.21 μm, width 3.66 ± 0.08 μm, mean length of polar capsule 5.50 ± 0.28 μm, and width 2.50 ± 0.14 μm. The 18S rDNA of Thelohanellus gabori sp. nov. (accession number KX757025) clustered phylogenetically with other related myxozoan parasites being T. pathankotensis and T. boggoti the most closely related species with 97% sequence similarity followed by T. sp. FCO with 89% sequence similarity. The mean abundance (gill plasmodial index) was calculated by counting the number of plasmodia on each side of the gill apparatus per host and was found to be 4 indicating severe infection causing fusion of many large-sized plasmodia in the gill filament. During the present study, it was found that the phylogenetic tree for Thelohanellus spp. depends upon the tissue location, vertebrate host group, and geographical region.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdel-Baki AA, Sakran T, Fayed H, Zayed E (2014) Redescription of Myxobolus niloticus infecting Labeo niloticus and their seasonal variation and histological impacts. Parasitol Res 106:1365–1369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Ghaffar F, Abdel-Gaber R, Maher S, Al-Quraishy S, Mehlhorn H (2016) Morphological re-description and molecular characterization of Kudoa pagrusi (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) infecting the heart muscles of the common sea bream fish Pagrus pagrus (Perciformes: Sparidae) from the Red Sea, Egypt. Parasitol Res 115:3175–3184

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Ghaffar F, Abdel-Gaber R, Maher S, El-Deeb N, Kamel R, Al-Quraishy S, Mehlhorn H (2017) Morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of Myxobolus ridibundae n. sp. (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infecting the testicular tissue of the marsh frog Rana ridibunda (Amphibia: Ranidae) in Egypt. Parasitol Res 116:133–141

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Acharya S, Dutta T (2007) Thelohanellus habibpuri sp. n. (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) from the tropical freshwater fishes rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1882) in West Bengal, India: light and electron microscope observations. Anim Biol 57:293–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akhmerov AK (1960) Myxosporidia of fishes from the Amur River basin. Rybn Khoz Venutr Vodoemov Latv SSSR 5:240–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215:403–410

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andree KB, Székely C, Molnár K, Gresoviac SJ, Hedrick PP (1999) Relationships among members of the genus Myxobolus (Myxozoa: Bivalvidae) based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. J Parasitol 85:68–74

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Attri R (2015) Taxonomic evaluation of myxozoan parasites infecting fresh water fishes in Punjab. Ph.D. thesis, Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab), India

  • Basu S, Haldar DP (1999) Thelohanellus bifurcata n. sp. a new species of the genus Thelohanellus from hybrid carps and checklist of the species of the genus described from Indian fishes. Proc Zool Soc Calcutta 52:115–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiala I (2006) The phylogeny of Myxosporea (Myxozoa) based on small subunit ribosomal RNA gene analysis. Int J Parasitol 36 (14):1521-1534

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fomena A, Bouix G (1987) Contribution al’etude des myxosporidies des poissons d’eau douce du Cameroun. III. Especes nouvelles du genre Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933. J Afr Zool 101: 43–53

  • Fomena A, Marques A, Bouix G, Njine T (1994) Myxobolus bilongi n. sp., Thelohanellus assambai n. sp., T. sanagaensis n. sp., Myxosporidies parasites de Labeo sp. (Teleosteen: Cyprinidae) du Bassin de la Sanaga au Cameroun (Afrique Centrale). Annales de la Faculte des Sciences de Yaounde 1: 131–142

  • Gupta A, Kaur H (2016a) Morphological and histopathological description of Myxobolus adlardi n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Myxozoa) infecting an Indian major carp, Labeo rohita Hamilton, 1822 from a cold water wetland in Punjab (India). Bull Pure Appl Sci 35:39–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Kaur H (2016b) Morphological, histopathological and molecular characterization of Thelohanellus theinensis n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting an Indian major carp, Labeo bata in a cold water wetland in Punjab (India). J Parasit Dis 41:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0856-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Kaur H (2017a) Morphological and molecular characterization of Myxobolus puntiusii n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting Puntius sophore Hamilton, 1822 from Ranjit Sagar Wetland, Punjab (India). Turk J Zool 41:791–799. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1606-47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Kaur H (2017b) A new pathogen, Myxobolus holzerae (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) causing severe gill disease in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita in a cold water wetland, Punjab (India). Microb Pathog 111:244–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Kaur H (2017c) Record of new host, site of infection and locality of two myxobolids infecting freshwater fishes in Ranjit Sagar Wetland of Punjab (India). Int J Biol Res 2(4):06–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall T (2011) BioEdit: an important software for molecular biology. GERF Bull Biosci 2:60–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Attri R (2015) Morphological and molecular characterization of Henneguya bicaudi n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infecting gills of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) in Harike Wetland, Punjab (India). Parasitol Res 114:4161–4167

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Gupta A (2015) Genetic relatedness provides support for a species complex of myxosporeans infecting the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita. Anim Biol 65:337–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Gupta A (2017a) Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Thelohanellus boggoti Qadri, 1962 (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infecting the fin of Indian minor carp Labeo dero (Hamilton, 1822). Mol Biol Res Comm 6:13–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Gupta A (2017b) Morphological, histopathological and molecular characterization of Thelohanellus muscularis n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting head muscles of Labeo rohita from Ranjit Sagar wetland, Punjab (India). J Appl Biol Biotech 5:21–28

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Gupta A (2017c) Morphological, histopathological and molecular characterization of Thelohanellus pathankotensis n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Myxozoa) infecting an Indian minor carp, Labeo dero Hamilton, 1822 from a cold water wetland in Punjab (India). Zootaxa 4353:161–173

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Gupta A (2017d) Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Thelohanellus boggoti Qadri, 1962 (Cnidaria, Myxosporea, Bivalvulida) infecting the fin of Indian minor carp, Labeo dero Hamilton (1822). Mol Biol Res Comm 6(1):13–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Dar SA, Katoch A (2014a) Thelohanellus dykovi n. sp. (Myxozoa: Bivalvulidae), a pathogenic gill parasite in cultured Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in Punjab (India). Species 10:24–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Katoch A, Gupta M (2014b) Thelohanellus filli sp. n., a pathogenic myxosporean infecting gills of cultured carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in Punjab, India. Species 10:31–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaur H, Singh R, Katoch A, Attri R, Dar SA, Gupta A (2016) Species diversity of the genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) parasitizing fishes in Indian subcontinent. J Parasit Dis 41:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0836-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitution through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Sati JP, Tak PC, Alfred JRB (2006) Handbook on Indian wetland birds and their conservation. Zoological Survey of India pp 1–472

  • Lalitha Kumari PS (1969) Studies on parasitic protozoa (Myxosporidia) of fresh water fishes of Andhra Pradesh, India. Riv Parassitol 30:153–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Luna LG (1968) Manual of histologic staining methods of the armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Mcgraw-Hill, New York, pp 114–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Molnar K (2002) Site preference of fish myxosporeans in the gill. Dis Aquat Org 48:197–207

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morsy K, Semmler M, Al-Olayan E, Mehlhorn H (2015) Testicular myxosporidiasis and ultrastructural characteristics of Myxobolus bufonis (Myxobolidae) infecting the Egyptian toad Bufo regularis (Bufonidae). A light and electron microscopic study. Parasitol Res 114:3989–3997

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morsy K, Semmler M, Al-Olayan E, Mehlhorn H (2016) Henneguya collaris sp. nov., (Myxosporidia), parasite of the Greenband parrotfish Scarus collana Rüppell, 1835 (Actinopterygii: Scaridae) from the Red Sea, Egypt. A light and electron microscopic study. Parasitol Res 115:2253–2261

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay D, Haldar DP (2004) Thelohanellus endodermitus sp. n.—a new myxozoan (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) from the major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in a sewage farm in West Bengal, India. Env. Ecol 22:139–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Okamura B, Gruhl A (2015) Myxozoan affinities and route to endoparasitism. In: Okamura B, Gruhl A, Bartholomew JL (eds) Myxozoan evolution, ecology and development. Springer, Berlin, pp 23–44

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pagarkar AU, Das M (1993) Two new species of Myxozoa, Thelohanellus caudatus n. sp. and Myxobolus serrata n. sp. from cultural carps. J Inland Fish Soc of India 25:30–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Pote LM, Hanson LA, Shivaji R (2000) Small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences link the cause of proliferative gill disease in channel catfish to Henneguya n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea). J Aquat Anim Health 12:230–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qadri SS (1962) A new Myxosporidia from the Indian fresh water fish, Labeo fimbricatus II. Thelohanellus andhrae sp. n. Z Parasitenkd, 21: 517–520

  • Sarkar NK (1985) Some Myxosporidia (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) of anabantid fishes of West Bengal, India. Acta Protozool 24:175–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar NK (1994) Three new species of Myxosporidia (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) infecting some freshwater fishes of West Bengal, India. Proc Zool Soc Calcutta 47:63–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar NK, Mazumdar S (1983) Studies on myxosporidian parasites (Myxozoa: Myxosomatidae) from marine fishes in West Bengal, India. Description of three new species from Tachysurus sp. Arch Protistenkd 127:59–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur H (2012a) Biodiversity of myxozoan parasites infecting freshwater fishes of three main wetlands of Punjab, India. Protistol 7:79–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur (2012b) Thelohanellus (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infections in major carp fish from Punjab wetlands (India). Protistol 7:178–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur H (2012c) Myxosporean species of the genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) from freshwater fishes of Punjab wetlands, India. Protistol 7:208–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur H (2012d) Two new Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infecting fins of major carps in wetlands of Punjab. Trends Parasitol Res 1:34–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur H (2014) Two new and two already known species of genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infecting Indian major carp fishes in Punjab wetlands (India). J Parasit Dis 38:49–60

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Kaur H (2015) Two new and one already known species of the genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) parasitizing fresh water fishes in wetlands of Punjab, India. Biologia 70:85–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szekely C, Shaharom-Harrison F, Cech G, Mohamed K, Molnar K (2009) Myxozoan pathogens of Malaysian fishes cultured in ponds and net-cages. Dis Aquat Org 83:49–57

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi YR (1952) Studies on the parasites of Indian fishes. Protozoa: Myxosporidia together with a checklist of parasitic protozoa described from Indian fishes. Rec Indian Museum 50:63–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker J, Winton R (2010) Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp. Vet Res 41:51

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan S, Xi BW, Wang JG, Xie J, Zhang JY (2015) Thelohanellus wangi n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea), a new gill parasite of allogynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch) in China, causing severe gill myxosporidiosis. Parasitol Res 114:37–45

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JY, Gu ZM, Kalavati C, Eiras JC, Liu Y, Guo QY, Molnar K (2013) Synopsis of the species of Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida). Sys Parasitol 86:235–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study received a financial support by the University Grants Commission (UGC), Govt. of India, under UGC-CAS-II and DST-Purse grant to the department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India

    Aditya Gupta

  2. Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Harpreet Kaur

Authors
  1. Aditya Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Harpreet Kaur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Harpreet Kaur.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

Not required.

Nomenclatural acts

This work and the nomenclatural acts it contains have been registered in ZooBank. The ZooBank Life Science Identifier (LSID) for this publication is http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E455AF4A-9AC9-4DF1-8070-EBDE86FA3C24.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gupta, A., Kaur, H. Thelohanellus gabori sp. nov. (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) infecting gill filaments of a Cyprinid fish Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) inhabiting a cold water wetland in Punjab (India). Parasitol Res 117, 2715–2723 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-5960-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-5960-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation