Banjo Catfish - Bunocephalus coracoideus : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide

Introduction

Banjo Catfish (Bunocephalus coracoideus) are a fascinating species native to the freshwater environments of South America. Characterized by its brown, mottled appearance which aids in camouflage and small, beady eyes adapted to its dimly lit habitat, the Banjo Catfish is a master of stealth. In aquarium settings, they are valued for their peaceful nature and compatibility with other species, making them a suitable choice for community tanks. The relative hardiness and ease of care associated with these Catfish make them an excellent choice for both novice and experienced aquarists alike.

Banjo Catfish are known for their peaceful disposition and can thrive either individually or in groups, displaying equal contentment in both settings. When selecting tank mates, opt for species of similar size and temperament, such as Corydoras, Hatchetfish, Dwarf Cichlids, Pencilfish, and smaller Tetras. These companions may encourage the typically reclusive Banjo Catfish to venture out more frequently. It is crucial to monitor interactions to ensure that the inactive, partially buried Banjo Catfish are not being harassed by more active fish.

Banjo Catfish are well-suited to large, mature aquariums and are not particularly demanding regarding water chemistry, as long as extremes are avoided. A soft sand substrate with abundant shady hiding spots created by driftwood and rocky caves is ideal. These fish prefer dim lighting, so brightly lit tanks should have areas shaded by large, broad-leaved plants. 

During the day, they often remain partially buried, and adding dried leaf litter can enhance the naturalistic setting of the tank non-toxic leaves like dried Indian Almond leaves are recommended. To observe these nocturnal creatures, consider installing blue moon lighting, which provides the subdued illumination they prefer. Effective filtration and regular partial water changes are crucial to maintain low nitrogenous waste levels, though the water flow should be gentle to suit their needs.

Physically, Banjo Catfish have a broad, flat head and very small eyes. They possess three pairs of barbels, with the maxillary barbels extending about a third of the length of their strongly serrated pectoral spine. Their body colour ranges from dark to pale brown, adorned with dark bands and blotches and scattered with small pale spots. The underside is lighter, often marked with brown blotches, and their fins are translucent brownish with pale brown to black blotches; the caudal fin has a dark edge. Banjo Catfish may occasionally shed their skins, likely due to stress response, although the precise reasons remain unclear.