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Similar to Order: Collembola and Diplura
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Order: Collembola and Diplura
- 2. Collembola Collembola : Coll – glue; embol – wedge or peg Synonyms : Oligentoma, Oligoetomata Common names : Spring tails, Snow flea
- 3. Distinguishing Characteristics: • They are small, wingless arthropods, usually 1 – 3 mm long. • They are the smallest hexapods in the world. • Compound eyes are absent and antennae are four segmented. • Mouthparts are entognathous biting type and found within a pouch. • Tibia is fused with tarsus to from tibio - tarsus.
- 4. Ventral tube or Glue peg or Collophore: It is found in first abdominal segment. It function as an adhesive organ, but it is involved mainly in maintaining the water balance, absorbing moisture from the environment. Furcula or Springing organ: It consists of a basal manubrium, paried dens and distal claws called mucro. It is held under tension beneath the abdomen by retinaculum when at rest. Hamula or Tenaculum or Retinaculum: It is present on the third abdominal segment. It consists of a fused basal piece, corpus and free distal part called rami. It holds the furcula. Malpighian tubules, tracheal system and metamorphosis usually absent.
- 6. Importance: Sminthurus viridis is a pest on alfalfa. It can be collected from moist places in soil. They are also found in mushroom houses as a pest.
- 7. Diplura Diplura : diplo – two; ura – tails Common name : Diplurans, Japygids, Compodeid
- 8. Habit: Feed on dead organic matters and fungus. Habitat: They are found in damp place in the soil, under stone, bark, among fallen leaves, in rotting wood, in debris etc. Distinguish feature: • Primary soft – bodies, unpigmented, wingless small insect. • Mouth parts ectognathous and chewing type. • Flagella segments provided with muscles. • Antennae many segmented. • Compound eye and ocelli absent. • Abdomeninal segments with paired lateral pregenital styliform appendages. • Terminal median filament absent. • Tarsi one segmented. • Tracheal system present. • Malpighian tubules vestigial or absent.