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The Siege of Shkodra: Albania's Courageous Stand Against Ottoman Conquest, 1478 Hardcover – May 20, 2021
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The first English translation of an eyewitness account of the Ottoman sieges of Shkodra (Albania) in 1474 and 1478-79, written by a besieged Shkodran citizen who fought in the battles and would later become a priest in Italy
The book is considered both history and literature, written in classical Latin in 1504 for a Western audience concerned about the advance of the Ottomans into the heart of Europe. It is considered by scholars to be a seminal source of history providing significant details about the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Albanians, Sultan Mehmed II "The Conqueror," religious conflict, late-medieval siege tactics, and the development of weaponry. Though the account is history, it unfolds as a gripping story with all the human drama and pathos that accompanies warfare. Inside are rousing speeches, intense battle scenes, passionate prayers, and counsel for future generations.
Barleti and his contemporaries considered Shkodra to be the shield of Europe (indeed this was the final great battle before the Ottomans attacked Otronto in 1480).
Barleti's work comprises only 50% of the work, as this edition includes supplemental material such a brief foreword by Ismail Kadare, a historical preface by Prof. David Abulafia, the original introduction by Prof. Aleks Buda, "The War of Shkodra" ("Bellum Scodrense") by George Merula, a panegyric to the Venetian Senate by Marin Beçikemi, passages from Ottoman chroniclers about the siege (A. Pashazade, Tursun, Kivami, Idris-i Bidlisi, K. Pashazade), and new maps and historical commentary by translator-editor David Hosaflook.
MINI-REVIEWS"If one were to search for a literary creation wholly worthy of the expression 'monumental work,' it would be hard to find a better example than 'The Siege of Shkodra' by Marin Barleti ... It earned monumentality throughout the centuries ... This is what happens with the great books, the ones that enter the world as grand testimonies. The siege of Shkodra is the final act of a tragedy that would not only alter the face of Albania, but also of all the Balkans and a portion of the continent for nearly six hundred years.
—ISMAIL KADARE, renown and revered Albanian author
"David Hosaflook has brought vividly back to life an extraordinary chapter from the history of the fifteenth century--a gripping eyewitness account of the Albanian resistance to the advance of the Ottomans into the heart of Europe. Their defense of Shkodra was as heroic and thrilling as the better-known siege of Malta. Barleti's narrative does it full justice, and Hosaflook's translation is both scholarly and highly readable."
—ROGER CROWLEY, best-selling author of Mediterranean narrative history such as Empires of the Sea and City of Fortune"
"I felt like Howard Carter peering into the tomb of King Tut for the first time when I started reading Hosaflook's masterful new translation of the epic story recounted by Barleti. Beautifully crafted and painstakingly researched, the work fills an important gap and provides unique and compelling new scholarship in the field of Renaissance history."
—KIRSTIN DOWNEY, former Washington Post reporter, historical biographer, and author of books such as "The Woman Behind the New Deal: The Life and Legacy of Frances Perkins" and "Isabella: The Warrior Queen."
"The Ottoman Empire spread into southeastern Europe, with the banners of Islam looming on the horizon. One of the key moments of this expansion, and a turning point in Albanian history, was the siege of Shkodra in the late fifteenth century. We would know little of the dramatic events were it not for historian Marin Barleti. His account (1504) is a seminal source of Balkan history. The English-speaking reader can now finally savour this gripping tale, in the flowing rendition of David Hosaflook."
—ROBERT ELSIE, author and specialist in Albanian studies
- Print length350 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- Publication dateMay 20, 2021
- Dimensions6.14 x 1.07 x 9.21 inches
- ISBN-101946244392
- ISBN-13978-1946244390
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Product details
- Publisher : IAPS (May 20, 2021)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 350 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1946244392
- ISBN-13 : 978-1946244390
- Item Weight : 1.38 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.14 x 1.07 x 9.21 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #4,147,235 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #4,531 in Italian History (Books)
- #5,058 in History of Religion & Politics
- #15,253 in War & Military Action Fiction (Books)
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About the author
David has worked with churches and humanitarian projects in the Balkans since 1992. He completed his Ph.D. in History at the University of Tirana and is co-founder and executive director of the Institute for Albanian and Protestant Studies. He is the winner of the “Meyer-Pedersen-Jokl” award (second prize) given by the Academy of Sciences of Albania for “exceptional research work in the field of Albanology” and was the first laureate of the annual “22 November” prize in the Republic of North Macedonia.
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Short review: If you are fascinated with names like Thermopylae, Masada, Alamo, Dien Bien Phu, Chosin, Mogadishu, or any heroic fight of a few against many, you will love this book. If you are a historian, you will love this book. If you are a person of faith, you will love this book. If you are a militaria enthusiast, you will love this book (snipers are used here three hundred years before the American Revolution). If you are Albanian, especially Shkodran, it behooves you to own this book. The defenders, outnumbered approximately 200:1, fight fiercely to defends their city, fatherland, families, and faith. Shakespeare could easily have said that men will think themselves accursed and hold their manhoods cheap for not being at the second Siege of Shkodra.
Longer review: I should disclaim that I am probably unable to suppress all bias regarding this book (my eponymous username would probably betray me anyway) since I took some of my first steps inside the walls of Shkodra's castle. That said, my rating is consistent with the majority of the reviewers and easy to support.
On the original work: It is a rare, wonderfully recorded episode of the struggle between East and West, Islam and Christianity, Turks and Albanians. After you read this book and fully understand the importance of this event, you will wonder why it took so long for for someone to translate into English. It is a uncommon account of large-scale siege told by one of the besieged. It is a galvanizing, epic story of the stubborn, proud resistance of few against many, of freedom against tyranny, of patriots against invaders. A humbling, spiritual journey filled with heroic, superhuman feats that is uplifting and, at the same time, makes one question his self-worth.
For academics, this book brings to light an untapped source of military history and tradition. It is descriptive in technical and sociological details.
On the translation: First off, this is a lot more than just a translation. The translator has meticulously researched details and also reached out to experts, both Eastern and Western, to provide a full picture of understanding for the modern reader. Abulafia's introduction sets the perfect stage for the story that follows. The additional translated materials from contemporary Ottoman chroniclers were an unexpected bonus that support the main story told by Barleti.
I think, the translation itself is masterful. While I did not use my 1962 Albanian translation to verify every word, I looked for words that I commonly see translated inadequately, such as besa. Besa is more than just a word meaning faith, promise, loyalty, given word. It's all of them and more. It's a sacred tenet of Albanian life. Simply transliterating it does not fully convey its meaning. Hosaflook did an exceptional job in conveying these ideas. There are abundant notes clarifying translation, dates, and other details.
In an effort to suppress bias, I tried hard to find things I did not like. It is likely that Marin Barleti drew the details for the book from his diary, possibly complimented by other diaries and interviews from contemporary Albanian exiles in Venice. This can probably be detected in the book in some cases where the story climbs to a captivating climax and then plummets with minor details. Perhaps not a fair criticism against a XVI century author who may have chosen to stop with verifiable information, instead of filling in the story with apocryphal information.
Alex Buda's introduction, while accurate and scholarly, may not fully stress the factor of faith in this conflict. This should not be taken as an accusation of bias toward him. In communist Albania, books were heavily reviewed and redacted. Religion was banned and clergymen were imprisoned, killed, or persecuted. It is possible that Buda tried to not bring unwanted attention to the book or ding his professional career.
Another thing I did not like is that the Albanian words were not given in Gegnisht, which may take away some authenticity for those who understand them. Kipling's poetry may be a good example; he stays true to the spoken language.
However, none of this takes away from the fact that the book is an amazing, captivating story of human resolve, faith, and sacrifice that would be an enriching addition to everyone's library.
Coming to the actual book. It is truly fascinating to read the words of a Medieval monk that survived one of the toughest and most important sieges in European history. As if that was not enough, the translation is perfect, I know Latin and I think it makes perfect sense and stays true to the 'author' not the translator. As if that was not enough, there is historical context given, excerpts from independent historians of the time, including both Ottoman and Venetian, some nice figures are included too.
I've seen some complains that the book is slow. I don't really know what that means. It is a historical book, written by a Medieval monk. I doubt he had any notion of the impatience of the Modern man or our expectations about Hollywood quality action. This is even more of a gem because it is a text representing the reality of the human condition during that age. It taught me quite a few, and thus I am very pleased with this book.
Moreover, if you like Warfare History, Medieval History, or History in general you should definitely learn about the Albanians. The more you study the more you come into mentions of them as the toughest warriors all around. Thus oddly underrepresented and forgotten today, where we tend to draw our historical knowledge and inspiration from movies. Movies do not care about reality, they are created with the explicit purpose of making money, this book was written by a survivor of a Medieval Siege, it might be dull to some, not because the book is dull but because life is, and this is just a peek through the looking glass to Medieval Europe and the life of the Albanian knights.
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I am glad there’s an option to buy it in hardcover now. Masterpieces need to be in hardcover. I will hopefully make it an addition to my library soon.